TEXT DESIGN

The text of the article should be prepared in Microsoft Word using the following parameters:
● page format A4, portrait orientation with width alignment
● font Times New Roman, size 14
● line spacing 1.5
● paragraph indentation 1.25 mm
● margins 20 mm
● the total file length is between 20,000 and 40,000 characters, including spaces

For your convenience, please use the template for the article preparation.

STRUCTURE OF THE ARTICLE

Title
The title should reflect the main content of the study and be laconic.
The title should not contain abbreviations, except for those that are commonly used (EU, USA, etc.) and do not require explanation.

Information about the author(s)
It is aligned to the left margin in the following order:
● author’s first and last name in italics
● scientific degree, academic position in italics
● position and place of work (study) in italics
● ORCID (only numbers in format 0000-0000-0000-0000) in italics

Abstract
The abstract length is 1000-1200 characters, including spaces.
The abstract should explain the study subject, the study content, and its main results. Only abbreviations that are widely known and do not require explanation may be used in the abstract.

Keywords
Please provide four to eight keywords that do not repeat the title of the article.
A keyword phrase may contain no more than five words.

Title of the article, information about the author(s), abstract, and keywords in Ukrainian
The translation of the above information should be provided in accordance with the requirements for the abstract length (1000-1200 characters, including spaces), the number of keywords (4-8), and the length of the keyword phrase (no more than 5 words).
If you are not a Ukrainian native speaker, please do not fill this section; we will translate it ourselves.

Introduction
This part describes the essence of the chosen topic and justifies the need for its research. In particular, it is advisable to outline the current state of the selected issue, explain why it is important for theory and/or practice, illustrate the content of the scientific debate on this issue, and argue the relevance and significance of its research.

Research objectives and methodology
This section should describe the objectives of the research and what will be done during the research.
Next, describe the main methods used in the study, with a brief description of how each method is applied. For example, the comparative legal method was used to identify differences between the provisions of Ukrainian and EU legislation defining the authorship of audiovisual works.

Results of the study
The main text of the article reflects the analysis of the selected topic and the results of the research in accordance with the stated objective, as well as the author’s (authors’) opinions and arguments. The text can be divided into meaningful blocks, each with its own heading, that are devoted to a separate completed part of the research.

Conclusion
The conclusion contains the most important results of the study, which are consistent with the scientific issue described in the introduction, correspond to the purpose of the study and research methods, and have scientific novelty, theoretical, and/or practical significance. The conclusion should not be a summary of the content of the study presented in the article and should not literally reproduce individual sentences from the main part of the study.

References
The list of references is compiled according to the APA (7th ed.) style from the sources that have an author or editor in alphabetical order in the following sequence: first, sources according to the Latin alphabet, followed by sources according to the Cyrillic alphabet. If the source has a digital identifier DOI, it should be indicated.
Legislative acts and judgments are not included in the list.
It is recommended that the list of references include at least 5 sources.

Examples of reference formatting

TEXT ARRANGEMENT

The text should not contain word hyphenation, underlining, or bolding of individual words. If there is a justified need to emphasise a particular word or phrase, it should be italicised.

When using abbreviations that are not universally accepted, first give the full phrase, then give the abbreviation in brackets, and then use only the abbreviation in the rest of the text. For example, intellectual property (IP) and then IP in the rest of the text.

If the cited source is a judgment, report, or another document divided into sections (paragraphs), please provide the number of the section (paragraph) from which the information is taken, for example: para 15 or paras 87-89.

The numbers of sections and parts of articles of legislative acts are given in the following format: Art. 21(2)(6), Art. 15(3)(1)(a), Art. 28(4).

LINKS TO SOURCES

For the correct use of quotations in the text of the article, please read the Citation and Referencing page with examples of APA (7th ed.) style references.

References to sources used in the text of the article are provided in footnotes on each relevant page. The numbering of footnotes should continue on subsequent pages. The entire text of footnotes is given in italics.

Every source of information mentioned in the article should have a reference to it.

A footnote with a reference to a regulatory act must be provided once, when the relevant act is first mentioned in the text. Subsequently, it is not necessary to provide a footnote with a reference to such an act. All other sources (scientific publications, judgments, reports, statistical data, etc.) require references each time information from them is used.

References to the author(s)’ own publications should be justified by the purpose of the study and used exclusively for the further development of previously conducted research. The volume of self-citation (quoting fragments of one’s own previously published works in the text of the article) cannot exceed 20% of the total volume of the article. The number of the author’s (authors’) own works in the list of references at the end of the article should not exceed 20% of the total number of references.

References to non-scientific sources must be justified. References to Wikipedia, blog posts, and other similar sources are not permitted if they actually replace references to scientific works, case law, or legislation.

USE OF VISUAL ELEMENTS

Tables and graphic materials (charts, graphs, diagrams, etc.) are provided with a reference to the source of borrowing, placed under the corresponding image in italics with font size 12, for example:

Figure 1. International applications for trademark registration by region, 2011 and 2021
Source: Madrid Yearly Review 2022. International Registration of Marks: WIPO Executive Summary
https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo-pub-940-2022-exec-summary-en-madrid-yearly-review-2022-executive-summary.pdf

If the source of the table or graphic material is not cited in the text of the article, it should not be included in the list of references.

If the table (graphic material) was developed by the author(s) of the article, the data used to develop this table (graphic material) should be indicated under the image, for example:

Figure 2. The amount of fair remuneration in the form of a percentage of the sale price of the original work in the EU
Developed by the author based on the provisions of Directive 2001/84/EC

The use of such elements should be justified, and the text of the article should not reproduce the data indicated in the table and/or graphic material in full.

Photographs, drawings, and other visual elements may be used in exceptional cases when it is necessary to achieve the purpose of the study; the author, the title of the work (if any), and the source of borrowing should be indicated.