Theory and practice of intellectual property
№ 5 / 2019
ISSN (Print) 2308-0361
ISSN (Online) 2519-2744
PDF (Ukrainian)DOI: https://doi.org/10.33731/52019.186488
Published 2019-12-15
Embroidery: cultural heritage and intellectual property
Yurii Nosik
Ukraine
Abstract
The article is focused on studying the legal regime of the objects of intellectual property law created by embroidery, overviewing the main legal issues arising in the practice of the craft under the conditions of developing computer tech and information technologies, and on researching the principles of civil law, which constitute the foundations of regulation of the relations in the field. Embroidery is one of the crafts, which displays and expresses the intangible cultural heritage, which is organically connected to the material cultural and natural heritage of the Ukrainian people. When applying the embroidery technique to create the visual images a person displays the freedom of creativity, which constitutes one of the most important principles of the intellectual property law and, at the same time, is one the human rights, guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine. From the standpoints of the legal protection of the results of the intellectual activities, one can affirm, that the objects, created with the embroidery, can receive protection in intellectual property law by the means of copyright, trademarks, industrial designs and geographical indications. As the result, the regulation of social relations, connected to such objects, is being based on the specific principles of the intellectual property law. The author comes to the conclusion that in the national legislation of Ukraine and in international law there can be observed two directions of realization of the legal policies in regards to such a craft and industry as the embroidery. The first direction is protecting embroidery as the manifestation of the intangible cultural heritage. It mainly rests in the realm of public law. The second direction, which is clearly the domain of private law, is the legal protection of the results of the intellectual and creative human activities, which are being materialized with the techniques of embroidery and securing the right to freedom of expression by the means of art. In addition, in the realities of Ukraine, significant prospects for the development of legal protection of intellectual property remain in the direction of protection of geographical indications — in this part, the field for further scientific research remains open. Protection of the geographical indications of the products of the embroidery craft is a prospective direction of the evolution of the system of intellectual property in the field, particularly in the view of the renovated national legislation on GIs.
Keywords: embroidery, intangible cultural heritage, derivative work, principles of civil law, basic foundations of intellectual property law
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