{"id":8993,"date":"2026-01-09T13:02:55","date_gmt":"2026-01-09T11:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/?page_id=8993"},"modified":"2026-02-03T23:19:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-03T21:19:12","slug":"2022-4-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/en\/2022-4-2\/","title":{"rendered":"2022-4-2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"734\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/018-cover-734x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3609\" style=\"width:217px;height:302px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/018-cover-734x1024.jpg 734w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/018-cover-215x300.jpg 215w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/018-cover-768x1071.jpg 768w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/018-cover-1101x1536.jpg 1101w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/018-cover-1468x2048.jpg 1468w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/018-cover-scaled.jpg 1835w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:26px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Theory and practice of intellectual property<br>\u2116 4 \/ 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">ISSN (Print) 2308-0361<br>ISSN (Online) 2519-2744<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons has-custom-font-size is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fdcfc74e wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\" style=\"font-size:10px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-black-color has-text-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1Ypk1ZVkmAzwjwGEbnygwmrlb8yeV2haA\/view\" style=\"border-radius:10px;font-size:10px\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" class=\"wp-image-362\" style=\"width: 14px;\" src=\"https:\/\/test.inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/free-icon-pdf-201153.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/free-icon-pdf-201153.png 512w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/free-icon-pdf-201153-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/free-icon-pdf-201153-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/free-icon-pdf-201153-450x450.png 450w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/free-icon-pdf-201153-106x106.png 106w, https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/free-icon-pdf-201153-80x80.png 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 14px) 100vw, 14px\" \/> PDF (Ukrainian)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:26px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33731\/42022.265844\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33731\/42022.265844<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Published &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2022-10-19<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:8px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/CC-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6960\" style=\"width:131px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:26px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Certain aspects of allocation of obligation and burden of<br>proof in criminal proceedings on infringement of intellectual property rights<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Yevhenii Kompanets<\/strong><br>Ukraine<br><a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8162-1965\">https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8162-1965<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Abstract<br><\/strong>Different approaches of national and foreign scientists and judges to the meaning of the concepts of \u00abobligation\u00bb and \u00abburden\u00bb of proof and allocation thereof between parties to criminal proceedings have been analysed. The basic features for distinguishing the concepts of \u00abobligation\u00bb and \u00abburden\u00bb (compulsion and material interest) and property (dynamism) have been given. It has been noted that in the legislation of some European countries, despite the existence of the presumption of innocence, in certain categories of criminal proceedings, the obligation of proving innocence is placed on the defence. The global trends of shifting the obligations of proof, simplifying the criminal procedure in certain categories of cases, and expanding the rights of participants in the criminal proceedings have been observed. The provisions of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure of the USA and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding the mechanism of demanding evidence by the prosecution from the defence have been compared. The norms of Clause 6, Part 2, Art. 242 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which shifted the obligation of proving material damage (damages) from the prosecution to the victim, have been analysed. Based on this norm, it is expected to increase the procedural activity of the victim regarding establishing and proving this circumstance during the pre-trial investigation and the trial. Based on the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, it has been proven that silence can be, although not the only, basis for issuing a guilty verdict. It is proposed to define and consolidate in the judicial practice of the Supreme Court the presumptions typical for cases of infringement of intellectual property rights: events of criminal offence and guilt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>criminal procedure proving, obligation of proof, burden of proof, allocation of proof, reverse burden of proof<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0413\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043a\u043e \u0412. \u041f. \u0414\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0456: \u0434\u0456\u044f\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430. \u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f. \u0421\u041c\u0414-\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f: \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f. \u0414\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a. 2010. 314 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0421\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0410. \u0412. \u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435: \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430. 2018. 240 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Barak A. Foreword: A judge on Judging: The Role of a Supreme Court in a Democracy. 116 Harv. L. Rev. 19 2002\u20132003. \u0420. 84.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041c\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u041c. \u0413. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043c\u043f\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0434 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u0456 \u0441\u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u041a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430. 2017. \u2116 1. \u0421. 246\u2212251.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430 \u0420.\u2008\u0412. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u02bc\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0443: \u0434\u0438\u0441. &#8230; \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442. \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434. \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a: 12.00.08, \u041a\u0438\u0457\u0432, 2017. 583 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0424\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0418. \u042f. \u041a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 : \u0432 2 \u0442. \u0422. 2. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434: 1915. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 4-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434. 608 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \/ \u043e\u0442\u0432. \u0440\u0435\u0434. \u041d.\u2008\u0412.\u2008\u0416\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d. 2-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434., \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440. \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430. 1973. 736 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0411\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0412. \u041b. \u0421\u0443\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435. \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f. 2008. \u2116 5. \u0421. 25\u201327.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0412. \u042e. \u0414\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u0449\u043e\u0434\u043e \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u02bc\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0456 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043c: \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0440\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a. \u2116 4 (33). 2020. \u0421. 116\u2212121.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 : \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0447.-\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a \/ \u041b. \u0406. \u0410\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430, \u042e. \u041f. \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456\u043d, \u0412. \u041a. \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u041b. \u041c. \u0413\u0443\u0440\u0442\u0456\u0454\u0432\u0430, \u0422. \u0412. \u041b\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0456\u043d\u0430, \u0410. \u0412. \u041c\u0443\u0440\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430, \u041e. \u041e. \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0441, \u0414. \u0412. \u041e\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0430, 2021. 108 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0428\u0443\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043e \u041c. \u0404. \u0420\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044c \u041a\u041f\u041a \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \/\/ \u0410\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0443, \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438: \u043c\u0430\u0442-\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0436\u0432. \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a.- \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442. \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444. (\u041a\u0438\u0457\u0432, 24.11.2017 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443) : \u0443 2 \u0447. [\u0412.\u2008\u0412.\u2008\u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0454\u0439, \u0421. \u0421. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u041b. \u0414. \u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430]. \u041a\u0438\u0457\u0432 : \u041d\u0410\u0412\u0421\u0423, 2017. \u0427. 1. 396 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0424\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0422. \u0406. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043c\u043f\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456: \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438. \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438. 2012. \u2116 1. \u0421. 39\u221253.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412\u0456\u0434\u0433\u0443\u043a \u043e\u0444\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0428\u0443\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043e \u041c. \u0404. \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0421\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0443\u043a \u0425. \u00ab\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456\u00bb.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/law.lnu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\">https:\/\/law.lnu.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0421. \u0412. \u0421\u043f\u0456\u0432\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0434\u0456\u044f\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0456\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u02bc\u044f\u0437\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00bb \u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0430\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u00bb. \u0424\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430. 2012. \u2116 4. \u0421. 283\u2212291.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412\u0430\u043f\u043d\u044f\u0440\u0447\u0443\u043a \u0412. \u0412. \u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f : \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u044f. \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432. \u042e\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442, 2017. 408 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0411\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438\u043d \u0410. \u0420. \u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0435. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430. 1999. 429 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041f. \u041c., \u0420\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0448\u043d\u0430 \u0411. \u041f. \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0456 (\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043b\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443). \u0412\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041d\u0410\u041f\u0440\u041d\u0423. 2014. \u2116 3. \u0421. 7\u221219.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041b\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u043a\u043e \u041b. \u041c., \u0411\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0443\u043a \u041e. \u0410. \u041a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441: \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a. \u041a\u0438\u0457\u0432. 2014. 280 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0413\u043e\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u041c. \u0406. \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u044f\u043a \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0456 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 : \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0444. \u0434\u0438\u0441. &#8230; \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434. \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434. \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a: 12.00.09, \u041b\u044c\u0432\u0456\u0432, 1997. 24 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0420\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 26.02.2019 \u0440. \u2116 1-\u0440\/2019.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/zakon.rada.gov.ua\/laws\/show\/v001p710-19#Text\">https:\/\/zakon.rada.gov.ua\/laws\/show\/v001p710-19#Text<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0430plow, L. Burden of Proof. The Yale Law Journal, 121(4). 2012. 738\u2013859.<br><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/23079341\">http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/23079341<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Klotter J.\u2008C. Criminal evidence. Fourth edition \/ J.\u2008C. Klotter. Anderson Publishing Co., 1987. 602 p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Federico Picinali Innocence and burdens of proof in English criminal law. Law, Probability and Risk, Volume 13, Issue 3\u2212, 2014, \u0440. 243\u2212257.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/lpr\/mgu007\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/lpr\/mgu007<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vern R. Walker. Epistemic and Non-Epistemic Aspects of the Fact Finding Process in Law, 5. 2005. p. 37\u221247.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu\/faculty_scholarship\/1238\">https:\/\/scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu\/faculty_scholarship\/1238<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0421\u0428\u0410.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalrulesofcriminalprocedure.org\/title-iv\/rule-12-1-notice-of-an-alibi-defense\/\">https:\/\/www.federalrulesofcriminalprocedure.org\/title-iv\/rule-12-1-notice-of-an-alibi-defense\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u041e. \u0412. \u041a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438. \u0414\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0442\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044f. 2010. \u2116 29.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u042e\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0413. \u042e. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043c\u043f\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0456 \u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u0404\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 : \u0434\u0438\u0441&#8230; \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434. \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a: 12.00.09. \u041a\u0438\u0457\u0432. 2008. 242 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Salabiaku v France.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-57570\">https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-57570<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pham Hoang v. France.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-57791\">https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-57791<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Geerings v. Netherlands.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-79657\">https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-79657<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>John Murray v. United Kindom.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-57980\">https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-57980<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Creanga v. Romania.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-99426\">https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-99426<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438: \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440 \/ \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f. \u0440\u0435\u0434. : \u0421. \u0412. \u041a\u0456\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0421. \u041c. \u041c\u0456\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e, X\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432. 2013. 1104 \u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041e. \u0412. \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0442\u044f\u0433\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041c\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443. \u0421\u0435\u0440.: \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u044f. 2014. \u2116 10\u22121 \u0422. 2. \u0421. 161\u2212163.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ireland v. the United Kingdom.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-57506\">https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-57506<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UK Trade Marks Act 1994.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/1994\/26\/section\/92\/2006-04-29\">https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/1994\/26\/section\/92\/2006-04-29<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Roger Sliney v London Borough of Havering [2002] EWCA Crim 2558.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/vlex.co.uk\/vid\/roger-sliney-v-london-792892497\">https:\/\/vlex.co.uk\/vid\/roger-sliney-v-london-792892497<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0421\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u043c. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 06.07.20 \u0440. \u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0456 \u2116\u2008712\/9058\/16-\u043a.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/reyestr.court.gov.ua\/Review\/90223938\">https:\/\/reyestr.court.gov.ua\/Review\/90223938<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0410\u043f\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u043c. \u041a\u0438\u0454\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434 01.03.10 \u0440. \u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0456 \u2116 33-421.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/reyestr.court.gov.ua\/Review\/8813398\">https:\/\/reyestr.court.gov.ua\/Review\/8813398<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Theory and practice of intellectual property\u2116 4 \/ 2022 ISSN (Print) 2308-0361ISSN (Online) 2519-2744 DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33731\/42022.265844 Published &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2022-10-19 Certain aspects of allocation of obligation and burden ofproof in criminal proceedings on infringement of intellectual property rights Yevhenii KompanetsUkrainehttps:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8162-1965 AbstractDifferent approaches of national and foreign scientists and judges to the meaning of the concepts of \u00abobligation\u00bb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8993","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8993","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8993"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8993\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8997,"href":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8993\/revisions\/8997"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8993"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}