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<\/figure>\n\n\n\nTheory and practice of intellectual property
\u2116 4 \/ 2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ISSN (Print) 2308-0361
ISSN (Online) 2519-2744<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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PDF (Ukrainian)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nDOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33731\/42025.346569<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n Submitted 2025-09-17 <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n Terms of protection of copyright and related rights in accordance with the EU legislation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Valentyna Trotska<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n Abstract The aim of the EU Directives, adopted in 1993 and 2006, was to establish a high level of protection for the construction of the internal market; to develop an economy based on the use of copyright and related rights objects; and to increase the volume of the cross-border distribution of objects. These factors required legal certainty regarding the establishment of a uniform term of protection. Unlike these Directives, the Directive, adopted in 2011, had a specific focus: promoting the development of the EU music industry, in particular through the extension of the term of protection. The factors that led to the need to adopt this EU Directive were: the need to develop the music industry in the EU as one of the sectors of the economy; the unstable financial, social, and legal situation of performers; and the growth in cross-border distribution of objects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The author concludes that the adoption of the Directives had a significant impact on the development of copyright and related rights legislation in EU Member States. However, not all legal issues have been resolved. The author provides examples of such aspects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Along with an analysis of EU Directive norms, the author cites data from studies, assessing the impact of extending the term of protection on the development in the music sector. Based on the data from these studies, the author concludes that most of the tasks have been solved positively. At the same time, he draws attention to problematic issues that require further resolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The article substantiates the close connection between the extension of the term of protection and the accompanying measures, introduced in the 2011 Directive, such as the improvement of contractual relations, the formation of funds, and the system of remuneration for performers. It is expected that the combination of the extended term and the introduction of the accompanying measures will create the conditions for strengthening protection, in particular by increasing the financial stability for both phonogram producers and performers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Keywords: <\/strong>copyright, related rights, term protection extension, European Union law<\/p>\n\n\n\n References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Treaty on European Union. OJ C 191, 29.7.1992, pp. 1\u2013112.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Berne Convention Contracting Parties. Council Directive 91\/250\/EEC of 14 May 1991 on the legal protection of computer programs. OJ L 122, 17.5.1991, pp. 42\u201346.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Council Directive 93\/98\/EEC of 29 October 1993 harmonizing the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights. OJ L 290, 24.11.1993, pp. 9\u201313.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dworkin G. The EC Directive on the Term of Protection of Copyright and Related Rights. 1998. REPORT. Amended proposal for a Council Directive harmonizing the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights. Brussels, 19 March 1993. Council Directive 92\/100\/EEC of 19 November 1992 on rental right and lending right and on certain rights related to copyright in the field of intellectual property. OJ L 346, 27.11.1992, pp. 61\u201366.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Directive 2006\/116\/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights (codified version). OJ L 372, 27.12.2006, pp. 12\u201318.<\/p>\n\n\n\n International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations. Done at Rome on October 26, 1961. European Parliament and Council Directive, amending Directive 2006\/116\/EC of the European Parliament on the term of protection of copyright and related rights. Brussels, 16.7.2008 COM(2008) 464 final. EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM. Commission staff working Document accompanying the Proposal for a Council Directive amending Council Directive 2006\/116\/EC as regards the term of protection of copyright and related rights. Brussels, 16.7.2008. Gowers A. Gowers Review of Intellectual Property, December 2006. Hugenholtz P. B., van Eechoud M., van Gompel S., Guibault L., Helberger N., Rossini M., Steijger L., Dufft N., Bohn P. The Recasting of copyright and related rights for the knowledge economy. 2006. Hugenholtz P. B. O No, Not Again: Term Extension. 2011. Council of the European Union. New rules on term of protection of music recordings. Brussels, 12 September 2011. Jimmyn P., \u041cesserlin P. The true impact of shorter and longer copyright durations: from authors\u2019 earnings to cultural creativity and diversity. International Journal of Cultural Policy. 2021. Vol. 27 (5). P. 607\u2013620. Directive 2011\/77\/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 September 2011 amending Directive 2006\/116\/EC on the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights. OJ L 265, 11.10.2011, p. 1\u20135.<\/p>\n\n\n\n European Commission: Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology and NTT DATA. Targeted study on the application of Directive 2011\/77\/EU on the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights. 2025. Ramalho A., Lopez-Tarruella A. STUDY. Requested by the European Parliament\u02bcs Committee. Implementation of the Directive 2011\/77\/EU: copyright term of protection. 2018. C\u00f3digo do Direito de Autor e dos Direitos Conexos. Portugal. Di\u00e1rio da Rep\u00fablica n. 61\/1985, S\u00e9rie I de 1985-03-14. Vers\u00e3o \u00e0 data de 2025-08-07. Synopsis report of the targeted consultation on the on the exercise of rights and related rights of performers and producers in the audiovisual sector. 2020. Report on the application of Directive 2011\/77\/EU amending Directive 2006\/116\/EC on the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights. Brussels, 07.07.2025.
Accepted 2025-10-08
Published 2025-12-15<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/inprojournal.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/CC-2.png\")
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Ph.D. (Law), Head of the sector of the Disposal of copyright and related rights of the Copyright and Related Rights Department of the Intellectual Property Scientific Research Institute of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine
Ukraine
https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7579-1877<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/strong>The article examines the current state and main trends in the unification and extension of protection periods under EU law. The author analyses the norms of EU Directives, adopted in 1993, 2006, and 2011, identifies the purposes set when they were adopted, and assesses the achievement of those purposes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/wipolex\/en\/treaties\/ShowResults?search_what=C&treaty_id=15<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789004633612_006<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/resources.law.cam.ac.uk\/cipil\/travaux\/Term%20Directive\/26_19%20mar%201993-report.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/wipolex\/en\/text\/289757<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/resources.law.cam.ac.uk\/cipil\/travaux\/Term%20Directive\/Copyright_Term_Directive.pdf#page=546<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/LexUriServ\/LexUriServ.do?uri=SEC:2008:2288:FIN:EN:PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/media\/5a7c9f7740f0b65b3de0a17d\/0118404830.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.ivir.nl\/publicaties\/download\/IViR_Recast_Final_Report_2006.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/legalblogs.wolterskluwer.com\/copyright-blog\/o-no-not-again-term-extension\/?_ga=2.138071152.1189708270.1526984174-224251759.1509283974<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/ uedocs\/cms_data\/docs\/pressdata\/en\/intm\/124570.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10286632.2020.1829608<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/op.europa.eu\/en\/publication-detail\/-\/publication\/b9e89d29-5d33-11f0-a9d0-01aa75ed71a1\/language-en<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/STUD\/ 2018\/604957\/IPOL_STU(2018)604957_EN.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/wipolex\/en\/legislation\/details\/21564<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu\/en\/library\/synopsis-report-targeted-consultation-exercise-rights-and-related-rights-performers-and-producers<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=CELEX:52025DC0364<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n